Measuring+Volume

= __Measuring Volume__ =

**What is the mathematical formula for calculating volume? **

 There are different formulas for measuring volumes of different vessels or containers. for a cuboid the formula is length × width × height.

This can be generalized for all volumes by multiplying the Surface area with the thickness or height, assuming the height of the object is of a uniform shape (i.e. a cylinder or rectangular prism). When looking at varying values for length, breadth or height, you must separate the varying parts of the unit whose volume you wish to measure.  For example: a pool which has a shallow end and a deep end. To obtain the volume of the entire pool, you would have to calculate two volumes (one for the shallow end, with a small height, and one for the deep end, with a large height.) then add the two answers to obtain complete volume. Or, you could average the height for the entire pool based on average height as a ratio in terms of length. using that as a value of height, you could then forgo such issues of varying values.  **Volume Equations:** Rectangle (Square) = length × width Circle = pi × radius2 Annulus = pi × (outer radius 2 - inner radius 2 ) Trapezoid = (base + top) / 2 × height Triangle = base × height / 2 Cube = length × width * height Sphere = 4/3 × pi × radius 3 Cylinder = pi × radius 2 * length Cone = pi × radius 2 × length / 3 Torus (donut) = 2 × pi 2 × (radius of cross-sectional circle center) 2 × (torus radius (center to circle middle))
 * //Note//**: length and width is the same as:  base × height  length × height  width × height  etc.

U.S. Customary Units
 * 16 ounces ||  || 1 pint ||


 * 2 cups ||  || 1 pint ||


 * 2 pints ||  || 1 quart ||


 * 4 quarts ||  || 1 gallon ||

Metric System 


 * 1,000 milliliters || 1 liter ||


 * Measuring Volume of a Liquid**

Measuring with a graduated cylinder is complicated somewhat by a meniscus. A meniscus is the curvature of the surface of the water. Water "sticks" to the walls of the graduated cylinder, but only on the sides and not the middle. When students look at the surface, the water level is not straight. Measurement should be at the lowest point (see figur e to the right). Students need to read the meniscus at eye level in order to get an accurate reading. Students should place the graduated cylinder on the table and then lower their heads to be able to read the meniscus at eye level.

media type="file" key="MEGGGANNNN.mov" width="300" height="300"

**Where Can You Find the Equipment?** Graduated cylinders can be found in the lab drawers. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> When measuring with the graduated cylinder round to the tenth decimal place. **
 * <span style="color: #00d2ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Note:

<span style="color: #008000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Works Cited These links can also be used for further reading about how to measure volume http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/measurement/volume1.html [] [|http://www.eiu.edu/~eiuchem/GenChem/EquipmentGuide/volumetric.pdf]